Mô tả

Biology-Cambridge IGCSE

CONTENTS

1 Characteristics and classification of living organisms

Characteristics of living organisms

Concept and use of a classification system

Features of organisms

Dichotomous keys

2 Organisation and maintenance of the organism

Cell structure and organisation

Levels of organisation

Size of specimens

3 Movement in and out of cells

Diffusion

Osmosis

4 Active transport

Biological molecules

Biological molecules

Proteins

Structure of DNA

Water

5 Enzymes

Enzyme action

6 Plant nutrition 

Photosynthesis

Leaf structure

Mineral requirements

7 Human nutrition

Diet

Alimentary canal

Mechanical digestion

Chemical digestion

Absorption

8 Transport in plants 

Transport in plants

Water uptake

Transpiration

Translocation

9 Transport in animals 

Transport in animals

Heart

Blood and lymphatic vessels

Blood

10 Diseases and immunity 

Pathogens and transmission

Defences against diseases

11 Gas exchange in humans

Gas exchange in humans

12 Respiration

Respiration

Aerobic respiration

Anaerobic respiration

13 Excretion in humans

Excretion

14 Co-ordination and response

Nervous control in humans

Sense organs

Hormones in humans

Homeostasis

Tropic responses

15 Drugs

Drugs

Medicinal drugs

Misused drugs

16 Reproduction 

Asexual reproduction

Sexual reproduction

Sexual reproduction in plants

Sexual reproduction in humans

Sex hormones in humans

Methods of birth control in humans

Sexually transmitted infections (STI)

17 Inheritance 

Inheritance

Chromosomes, genes and proteins

Mitosis

Meiosis

Monohybrid inheritance

18 Variation and selection

Variation Adaptive features

Selection

19 Organisms and their environment

Energy flow

Food chains and food webs

Nutrient cycles

Population size

20 Biotechnology and genetic engineering 

Biotechnology and genetic engineering

Biotechnology

Genetic engineering

21 Human influences on ecosystems 

Food supply

Habitat destruction

Pollution

Conservation